Tattoo Aftercare: The Complete Guide, According to Dermatologists

hailey bieber in sunlight showing small wrist tattoo

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When it comes to tattooing, aftercare is as crucial as picking out a talented artist, particularly if you want your new ink to last. Proper tattoo aftercare not only prevents infection, but it also contributes to the long-term quality of your tattoo and surrounding skin. Whether it's your first inking or your 20th, proper aftercare never becomes less important. So ahead, board-certified dermatologists Dr. Robert Finney and Dr. Marie Leger and tattoo artist Anka Lavriv explain everything you need to know about tattoo aftercare—from cleaning, to moisturizing products, to sun protection and beyond.

Meet the Expert

Why Is Tattoo Aftercare Important? 

As Finney describes, "It is important to know that a tattoo creates a wound in the skin, so being gentle is important."

According to Lavriv, tattooing puts a strain on your immune system, and internal preparation is just as important as external aftercare. “A tattoo is an invasive cosmetic procedure, and your immune and lymphatic system will be working hard on healing a fresh tattoo, so partying and anything excessive is not recommended," she says. In other words: take it easy.

Day-by-Day Aftercare Guide

Days 1-3

For the first few days post-tattoo, there's one important rule: stay away. Your ink will be wrapped in plastic. Keep it that way. Depending on the size of the tattoo, the wrap might need to stay on for several days, but as a general rule of thumb, you can remove the plastic on day two or three. Ask your artist for specifics.

"I tell patients that it is best to just leave the bandage on that the tattoo artist applied until the next day," says Finney. "After that point, you should clean it once daily with some warm water and a gentle cleanser."

Day 3

After the original bandage your tattoo artist employed to wrap you up post-ink session is removed, do not re-bandage. The plasma from the original tattoo may surface after the first couple of hours, and then it’s time to clean the art and allow it to breathe.

Now, it's safe to cleanse.

To cleanse the tattoo, use antibacterial soap, such as Dr. Bronner’s Pure Castile Liquid Soap ($16) or any unscented antibacterial liquid. Avoid using any type of cloth to cleanse the tattoo because it will exfoliate the area—which, remember, is a wound. Next, rinse with warm-to-mild temperature water and pat the area dry with a towel. Allow it to sit for at least 10 minutes before proceeding.

Days 3-5

Most tattoo artists have their own set of aftercare instructions. But one piece of advice they all have in common is to touch your tattoo with clean hands only. "For tattoo aftercare, you should still wash your hands," says Dr. Leger. "And cleanse the area with a gentle soap."

Also, take into consideration that washing your hands shouldn’t be a quick three-second rinse. With soap, rub your palms together for as long as it takes to recite the alphabet.

During the first to four days post-tattoo, you'll repeat the process of washing your tattoo about two to five times a day, then follow with a light layer of ointment. On the first night, it’s normal to wrap the area in plastic wrap, so it doesn’t stick to your bedding, but after that, make sure the design is free from coverage and getting ventilation.

Days 5+

Keeping the area well-moisturized during this time is crucial, says Leger. "Everything (including tattoos) heals faster when covered with some kind of occlusive ointment," she says. " A lot of specific tattoo aftercareproducts and other kinds of moisturizing products have multiple allergens in them—the best and cheapest option is petrolatum ointment, which is simple, promotes healing, and is almost never allergenic. Keeping the areas covered with a bandaid on the hands can also keep the ointment in place during the healing process."

how to take care of a new tattoo

 Alison Czinkota/Byrdie

Long-Term Aftercare Tips

Don't Pick or Scratch Your Tattoo

The time it takes for your tattoo to fully heal depends on the size and execution of the tattoo, but it will likely be around six weeks. And remember that tattoos with colored ink take longer to heal than non-colored tattoos, especially if it’s large or on the inside of a joint.

Etched tattoos and link work cause minimal trauma to the skin, so they tend to heal faster. On the third or fourth day, the art will begin to peel, which may be uncomfortable or itchy—but refrain from picking and scratching the design. "When the skin barrier has been disrupted, like happens with the tattooing process, your skin can be more prone to developing allergies to lotions and other products that it comes into contact with," says Dr. Leger. In other words: The area will still be hypersensitive even after the peeling stage, so it’s recommended to keep up with your moisturizing routine. Continue to use unscented soap and lotion without scent, dye, and perfume. No shaving.

Avoid Prolonged Sun Exposure and Wear Sunscreen

As time goes on, it’s natural for a tattoo to go through changes, including fading. “According to new research, tattoo ink stays suspended in the dermis and is held there by a certain type of white blood cell called a macrophage,” explains Lavriv. A fibroblast is another type of cell known to absorb ink particles, so together, the macrophage and fibroblast bind enough ink particles for the tattoo image to stay put and appear on your skin. These cells hang around for years, and eventually, when they die, the ink molecules get reabsorbed by a new macrophage. Your tattoo becomes part of your skin, which involves shedding and change. And just like it’s important to keep your actual epidermis safe from harsh chemicals and sun exposure, you’ll need to care for your tattoo by always making sure you wear sunscreen.

Remember: prolonged sun exposure is damaging to your skin, and, of course, your art. Resist tanning to keep your tattoo looking fresh. "Sun will cause tattoos to fade, especially if you get a lot of sun exposure early on, so make sure to keep it covered or apply SPF 30 or higher regularly if you will be in the sun," Finney says.

Avoid Anything Irritating—Including Hot Water or Swimming

"Avoiding anything harsh or irritating, such as exfoliating scrubs," Finney says, adding that hot water (or even cooler water, for an extended period) is also to be avoided. "I tell patients to avoid swimming or going in hot tubs for at least the first week," he says.

Moisturize

"Be gentle, keep the skin moisturized, and most importantly, out of the sun," Finney says. He recommends applying "petrolatum-based products" at least twice daily while taking care of a tattoo. 

Aftercare Products

“I always recommend using Aquaphor ($16) for the first two to three days of healing,” says Lavriv. “It delivers the right amount of moisture without feeling heavy or suffocating, and it also minimizes peeling and flaking."

Aquaphor does contain lanolin (which is not vegan), so if you're looking for vegan alternatives, try a product like Hustle Butter Deluxe Luxury Tattoo Care & Maintenance Cream ($18), a tattooing glide made of Shea, mango, and aloe butter, with coconut and vitamin E oils; it’s great for using before, during, and after the healing process.

Once your tattoo starts healing, you can switch to unscented lotions, such as Eucerin Original Healing Lotion ($20), or dabble in natural shea body butter to moisturize until your masterpiece is fully healed.

Signs to See Your Doctor

Tattoo infections are rare, but it still helps to know what signs to look out for. If you feel feverish, experience oozing or scabbing at the tattoo site, or have swelling that lasts more than one week; it's time to pay a visit to your doctor. Also, if you feel hard, raised tissue in the tattooed area, or see red lesions, seek help from your doctor.

The Final Takeaway

Tattoos require a little TLC post-procedure, but once healed, there are only a few things you'll need to keep top of mind (avoiding prolonged sun exposure, scratching, and shaving being a few of them). You'll know your tattoo is on the right path to healing when the scabs diminish and the skin on the tattoo surface is an even texture as the rest of your skin. And remember, when in doubt, visit your doctor to ensure your new ink is healing properly.

Article Sources
Byrdie takes every opportunity to use high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial guidelines to learn more about how we keep our content accurate, reliable and trustworthy.
  1. Strandt H, Voluzan O, Niedermair T, Ritter U, Thalhamer J, Malissen B, Stoecklinger A, Henri S. Macrophages and Fibroblasts Differentially Contribute to Tattoo Stability. Dermatology. 2021;237(2):296-302. doi: 10.1159/000506540.

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